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Xiao Wenyan (1922–2013) was a Chinese Huaihai Opera artist. Born in 1922 in Jiangsu province, Xiao moved to Shanghai with her parents when she was 4 years old. She was sold very soon when she came to Shanghai to the Zhang family. She went to study in the school for 2 and half years. The headmaster of the school gave her the official name of Zhang Shiqing, which means someone hardworking and very cultured. Joy was sold again when she was 10 years old because her adopt parents both pass away for illness. This time joy was sold to Liu family which owned a theater and rickshaw company in Shanghai . Liu´s believed in joy was a jink which someone brought bad luck to people. So Joy was given away to the Jing family who was one of the most powerful mafia guy in Shanghai and Joy had to serve Dame Jing . She was polite and hardworking, finally Dame Jing wanted to keep her officially as servant forever . This time Liu´s felt a bit regret because it means they had to give a free labor away. On the other hand, they also felt frightened if Joy, a jink would give bad luck to Dame Jing, it would be a tremendous trouble. so they found an excuse to brought Joy back . Joy started to learn how to act by herself. Everyday when she finished house working in the theater, she went to the backspace to see how opera actors did rehearsal . Some actors knew her miserable life so they felt sorry for her. They were kind enough to teach her a bit because her respectful manners . Joy learned different kind local operas,martial art and acrobats. One of the masters performing at theater Mingle gave her his stage name as Xiao Wenyan. In those years her eyes can watch several types of genres of Opera, she was able to see Peking opera,Kun opera, Huai opera, Hui opera. She took the opportunity of play operas along with famous Peking opera artists such as Li Hui Fang at the theater Ming Le. In 1938 She started performing the work The Story of Two Butterflies at the theater. Her skills were increasing and she feels with the power of create her own style, which she names as “free style melody ”. She was involved in reforming acting styles. This revolutionary style gets her success and promptly her fame spreads throughout Shanghai and the neighboring provinces. During 1946 she continued performing in several theaters and participated in the third edition of the Shanghai Theater Festival with the play The River of reed flowers. Here she obtained a very positive review from writers such as Tian Han, Hong Sheng. On October 1947 she acted voluntarily for an event organized by Song Qingling, the wife of Sun Yat-sen and later she performed at the theater Tianchan to celebrate the 82nd birthday of Sun Yat-sen. In 1952 she was invited to participate in the National Competition for Study the Opera in Beijing. She performed in a special session for the Chairman Mao, President Liu Shaoqi and primer minister Zhou Enlai. In a national competition she won the First Prize and several other prizes. 1953 she joined an artist group and went to North Korea to greet and perform for the Chinese troupes for 57 days . Rendezvous at blue-bridge (Lan Qiao hui ) is selected to be filmed in 1954 .(Nü Shen) Female trial is filmed in 1960 . She performs the main role in both works. 1964, She plays a leading role in a Chinese modern Huai opera : One morning in the Docks.Afterwards it was adapted to a Peking model opera :On the Docks. But when in 1966 the Cultural Revolution began she was accused of anti-party, anti-socialism etc. and was sent to a cowshed.When after three years was freed she performed in a modern play, and again was accused of being a follower the “black line” , so she was sent to a reeducation camp. In 1989 she was awarded the Gold Medal in the National Record given in Peking. In 2006 she was invited to celebrated and commemorated the centenary of the Huai opera in Shanghai . She died after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage on September 19, 2013 in Shanghai. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xiao Wenyan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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